小学英语“对划线部分提问”终极攻略:从“一头雾水”到“一学就会”!
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还在为孩子小学英语“对划线部分提问”发愁?本文由资深教育专家倾心打造,全面剖析提问技巧、句型转换公式和常见错误,提供海量练习题,让孩子轻松掌握,考试不再丢分!

(文章正文)
导语: “妈妈,这道题我不会!”当孩子拿着英语练习册,指着“对划线部分提问”的题目愁眉苦脸时,你是不是也感到一丝无力?这几乎是每一位小学生在英语学习道路上都会遇到的“拦路虎”,它不仅考察词汇,更考验语法逻辑和句子结构的理解能力,别担心,作为深耕教育领域多年的专家,我将为你和孩子揭开这层面纱,提供一套从入门到精通的“终极攻略”,让“对划线部分提问”从此变得简单有趣!
什么是“对划线部分提问”?它到底在考什么?
我们要明白,“对划线部分提问”的本质是什么,就是把一个陈述句,变成一个特殊疑问句。
- 原句: My book is on the desk. (我的书在桌子上。)
- 对划线部分提问: Where is your book? (你的书在哪里?)
这道题的核心,是考察孩子是否能准确识别句子中不同成分(如:人、物、地点、时间、方式等),并使用正确的特殊疑问词和助动词/Be动词来重构句子,它就像一个“侦探游戏”,划线部分就是“线索”,我们的任务就是用最合适的“问题”来抓住它!
攻略核心:三步法,轻松搞定任何题目!
记住这个万能的“三步法”,大部分题目都能迎刃而解。

第一步:找“灵魂”——确定特殊疑问词(The Question Word)
特殊疑问词是句子的“灵魂”,它决定了问题的方向,我们可以根据划线部分的“身份”来选择:
| 划线部分内容 (What's underlined?) | 特殊疑问词 (Question Word) | 举例 (Example) |
|---|---|---|
| 人 (Who is the person?) | Who | He is my teacher. -> Who is he? |
| 物 (What is the thing?) | What | This is a pen. -> What is this? |
| 地点 (Where is the place?) | Where | They are at home. -> Where are they? |
| 时间 (When is the time?) | When | I get up at 7 o'clock. -> When do you get up? |
| 年龄 (How old is the person?) | How old | My sister is 10 years old. -> How old is your sister? |
| 方式 (How is it done?) | How | She goes to school by bus. -> How does she go to school? |
| 天气 (What's the weather like?) | How | It's sunny today. -> How is the weather today? |
| 价格 (What's the price?) | How much | This T-shirt is 50 yuan. -> How much is this T-shirt? |
| 数量 (How many are there?) | How many (可数名词) / How much (不可数名词) | There are 5 apples. -> How many apples are there? / There is some milk. -> How much milk is there? |
小贴士: “What”和“Which”的区别:What泛指“什么”,Which在特定范围内特指“哪一个”。
第二步:定“骨架”——找到助动词/Be动词(The Helper)

这是最容易出错的一步,也是句子的“骨架”,我们需要根据原句的时态和主语,来确定用哪个“帮手”来提问。
-
原句有Be动词 (am, is, are, was, were):
- 直接把Be动词提到主语前面。
- 例: The cat is under the bed. -> Where is the cat?
-
原句是实义动词(没有Be动词):
-
根据时态和主语选择合适的助动词(do, does, did)。
-
一般现在时:
- 主语是第三人称单数(he, she, it, Tom...)用 does。
- 其他用 do。
-
一般过去时: 用 did。
-
将来时: 用 will。
-
关键点: 一旦用了助动词(do, does, did),原句的实义动词就要变回原形!
-
例1: She likes red. (主语是She,用does) -> What does she like? (like变回原形like)
-
例2: They played football yesterday. (过去时,用did) -> What did they play? (played变回原形play)
-
例3: I can swim. (情态动词can) -> What can you do? (can提前,do变原形)
-
第三步:理“血脉”——还原句子,保持一致
最后一步,就是将“灵魂”和“骨架”组合起来,并处理划线部分。
- 划掉原句中的划线部分。
- 用特殊疑问词 + 助动词/Be动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + ...? 的结构组成新句子。
- 人称和数的变化: 划线部分如果是物主代词(my, your, his...),提问后要根据新句子的主语进行相应变化。
-
例: His father is a doctor. (划线部分His father)
- 第一步: 问“人”,用 Who。
- 第二步: 原句有is,直接用is。
- 第三步: 划掉His father,组合成 Who is a doctor? (注意:这里不能说Who is his father? 因为划线部分就是“his father”这个人本身。)
-
例: I go to school by bike. (划线部分by bike)
- 第一步: 问“方式”,用 How。
- 第二步: 原句是实义动词go,主语是I,用do。
- 第三步: 划掉by bike,组合成 How do you go to school? (人称I变成you)
常见“雷区”与避坑指南
-
“一看到动词就用do/does/did”?
- 错误: She is reading a book. -> What does she is reading?
- 正确: She is reading a book. -> What is she reading?
- 专家解析: 当原句有Be动词时,直接用Be动词提问,千万不要画蛇添足地再加do/does/did!
-
“忘记把动词变回原形”?
- 错误: He watches TV every evening. -> What does he watches TV?
- 正确: He watches TV every evening. -> What does he watch TV?
- 专家解析: do/does/did是“功臣”,提问任务完成后,实义动词就要“休息”,变回最简单的原形。
-
“混淆主语和划线部分,导致人称代词乱用”?
- 错误: Tom's favorite color is blue. -> Whose is Tom's favorite color?
- 正确: Tom's favorite color is blue. -> Whose favorite color is blue?
- 专家解析: 划线部分是“Tom's”,提问后新句子的主语就是“favorite color”,所以不再需要Tom's,Whose直接作定语修饰color。
实战演练场:快来挑战一下!
学完了理论,让我们来做几道题检验一下学习成果吧!(答案在文末哦)
请对划线部分提问:
- The children are playing in the park. (划线部分:in the park)
- My mother bought a new dress yesterday. (划线部分:a new dress)
- Lily goes to bed at 9:00 PM. (划线部分:at 9:00 PM)
- He can speak three languages. (划线部分:three languages)
- This is Lucy's English book. (划线部分:Lucy's)
家长辅导小贴士
- 化繁为简: 不要一次性灌输所有知识点,先从最基础的“Where is...?”和“What is...?”开始,让孩子建立信心。
- 情景教学: 在日常生活中多提问。“Where is your toy?” “What's this in English?” 让孩子在真实语境中运用。
- 鼓励为主: 当孩子犯错时,耐心讲解,而不是批评,可以说:“我们再试试用另一个‘帮手’,看看会发生什么?”
- 错题本是法宝: 让孩子准备一个错题本,把做错的题目和正确答案抄下来,定期复习,效果显著。
“对划线部分提问”看似复杂,但只要掌握了“三步法”,勤加练习,就一定能攻克它,这不仅是应试技巧,更是培养孩子逻辑思维和语言组织能力的绝佳途径,希望这份“终极攻略”能像一盏明灯,照亮孩子和家长的英语学习之路,教育是一场温柔的坚持,让我们一起陪伴孩子,在知识的海洋里快乐航行!
(答案)
- Where are the children playing?
- What did your mother buy yesterday?
- When does Lily go to bed?
- What can he speak?
- Whose English book is this? (或 Whose is this English book?)
